The isolation transformer is a safety power supply. It is usually used for machine maintenance and repair, and it serves the functions of protection, lightning protection and filtering.
The principle of an isolation transformer is the same as that of a regular transformer. Both utilize the principle of electromagnetic induction. An isolation transformer (but not all) is generally a 1:1 transformer. Since the secondary winding is not connected to the ground, there is no potential difference between any of the secondary wires and the ground, making it safe to use. It is commonly used as a maintenance power supply.
The power supplies for control transformers and vacuum tube equipment are also isolation transformers. Such as vacuum tube amplifiers, vacuum tube radios and oscilloscopes, as well as control transformers for lathes, etc., all have isolation transformers. For example, a 1:1 isolation transformer is commonly used for safely maintaining color TVs. It is also used in air conditioners.
Usually, the AC power supply voltage we use has one wire connected to the ground, and the other wire has a potential difference of 220V with the ground. Contact with it can cause an electric shock. However, the secondary of the isolation transformer is not connected to the ground, and there is no potential difference between any two of its wires and the ground. Therefore, when a person touches any of the wires, there will be no electric shock, making it much safer.
Secondly, the output and input terminals of the isolation transformer are completely "isolated" from each other. This effectively filters the input terminal of the transformer (the power supply voltage from the grid), providing a good filtering effect for the input power supply. Thus, it provides a pure power supply voltage for the electrical equipment.
Another application is for interference prevention. It can be widely used in places such as subways, high-rise buildings, airports, stations, docks, industrial and mining enterprises, and power distribution systems in tunnels.
An isolation transformer is a type of transformer where the input winding and the output winding are electrically isolated from each other. It is used to prevent the danger that may arise from accidentally touching live parts (or metal components that may become live due to insulation failure) and the ground. Its principle is the same as that of a common dry-type transformer, which also utilizes the principle of electromagnetic induction. It mainly isolates the primary power circuit and floats the secondary circuit with respect to the ground to ensure electrical safety.
Function
The main functions of the isolation transformer are: to completely insulate the electrical components of the primary and secondary sides, and to isolate the circuit as a whole. Additionally, by taking advantage of the high-frequency loss characteristic of its core, it can suppress the transmission of high-frequency noise into the control circuit. By using the isolation transformer, the secondary side is suspended with respect to the ground, and this can only be used in situations where the power supply range is small and the line length is short. At this time, the ground capacitance current of the system is so small that it is not sufficient to cause harm to the human body. Another very important function is to protect personal safety! Isolating dangerous voltages.
With the continuous development of the power system, transformers, as key equipment in the power system, are playing an increasingly important role. Their safe operation directly affects the reliability of the entire power system operation. Transformer coil deformation refers to the axial, radial size changes, body displacement, and coil twisting that occur when the coil is subjected to force. The main reasons for transformer coil deformation are two: one is that transformers are inevitably subjected to external short-circuit faults during operation; the other is that accidents such as collisions occur during the transportation and hoisting of transformers.
Power
The flux of the transformer core is related to the applied voltage. The excitation current in the current does not increase with the increase of the load. Although the core will not saturate due to the increase of the load, the resistance loss of the coil will increase, exceeding the rated capacity. As the heat generated by the coil cannot be dissipated in time, the coil will be damaged. If the coil is composed of superconducting materials, an increase in current will not cause heating, but there are still leakage magnetic fields causing impedance inside the transformer. An increase in current will result in a decrease in output voltage. The greater the current, the lower the output voltage. Therefore, the output power of the transformer cannot be infinite. If the transformer has no impedance, then when it passes current, a very large electromagnetic force will be generated, which can easily damage the transformer coil. Although the power is infinite, it cannot be used. It can only be said that with the development of superconducting materials and core materials, the output power of the transformer with the same volume or weight will increase, but it is not infinite!
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